Which financial statement provides a summary of a company's revenues and expenses?

The income statement provides a summary of a company's revenues and expenses over a specific period, often leading to the net income or loss. This statement is crucial for evaluating a company's performance, as it shows how much money was earned and what expenses were incurred during the reporting period. By analyzing the income statement, stakeholders can assess whether the company is profitable and how efficiently it is managing its resources.

In contrast, the balance sheet presents a snapshot of a company's assets, liabilities, and equity at a particular point in time, while the cash flow statement outlines cash inflows and outflows, helping to understand liquidity. The statement of retained earnings details changes in equity from retained earnings over time without summarizing revenues and expenses directly. Therefore, the income statement is the primary financial document that directly addresses revenues and expenses, making it the correct answer.